When Henry VII died in 1509 , this popular prince eighteen years old , known for his love of hunting and dancing , became King Henry VIII . Shortly afterwards obtained the necessary papal dispensation to allow him to marry his brother 's widow , Catherine of Aragon.
In the early years of his reign Henry VIII indeed relied on Thomas Wolsey to rule by it, and by 1515 Henry had risen to the highest office in government : Lord Chancellor.
Henry VIII Biography
In 1521 Pope Leo X granted the title of Defender of the Faith on Henry for his book ' Assertio Septem Sacramentorum ' , which affirmed the supremacy of the Pope against the reformist ideals of the German theologian Martin Luther.Military Power
First military campaigns of Henry VIII began when he joined the Holy League of Pope Julius II against France in 1511. Wolsey proved to be an extraordinary minister of the organization of the first campaign in France and although the Scots saw this war as an opportunity to invade England , who were defeated at Flodden in 1513. However, the war with France ultimately proved costly and unsuccessful.
Henry VIII is known as the " father of the Royal Navy. When he became king there were five real warships . Through his death he had built a fleet of about 50 ships . He reinstalled several boats with the latest weapons such as the Mary Rose , which sank in 1545 .
Henry also built the first British naval dock in Portsmouth and in 1546 established the Navy Board . This created the administrative apparatus for controlling the fleet.
A Male Heir
Henry was well aware of the importance of securing a male heir during his reign. I was worried that only had one surviving child , Mary, to show for his marriage to Catherine , who was now in his 40 years. Then the king asked Cardinal Wolsey appeal to Pope Clement VII cancellation and it soon became clear that he wanted to marry Anne Boleyn , who had been a maid of honor of his first wife .
But , unwilling to anger the nephew of Catherine of Aragon - the most powerful ruler in Europe, the Emperor Charles V - the pope refused . Thomas Wolsey 's rise was interrupted by the failure.
In 1533 , Henry VIII broke with the Church and married the now pregnant Anne Boleyn in a secret ceremony . Henry was excommunicated by the Pope. English reform had begun.
Head of The Church
After the fall of Wolsey , Thomas Cromwell became prime minister Henry and won the confidence of the king , helping to break with Rome and establishing Henry VIII as head of the Church of England . This law also brought much needed wealth through the dissolution of the monasteries well funded. In four years Cromwell ordered that 800 monasteries were dissolved and their lands and treasures taken by the crown .
The social and cultural impact was significant because much of the land was sold to the gentry and the churches and monasteries were destroyed and destroyed. Henry 's personal religious beliefs remained Catholic , despite the growing number of people in the court and in the nation that had adopted Protestantism.
Anne Boleyn
In September 1533 she gave birth to a daughter, Elizabeth ( the future Queen Elizabeth I ) . Henry had tired of her, and after two subsequent pregnancies ended in miscarriages , was arrested in 1536 on charges of adultery and publicly beheaded in the Tower of London.
Henry 's third marriage , this time for bridesmaid, Jane Seymour , finally produced the son he wanted so desperately to the birth of Edward in 1537. Jane Seymour died after childbirth and Henry ordered to be granted a Queen 's funeral .
In an attempt to establish links with the German Protestant alliance , Thomas Cromwell arranged a marriage between the king and the German princess Anne of Cleves . The marriage was a disaster and Anne Henry divorced a few months later . Henry blamed Cromwell for this mismatch and soon after had executed for treason
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Final Years
The last years of his reign witnessed the physical decay of Henry VIII and a growing desire to appear powerful. Henry continued the futile and costly campaigns against Scotland and France.
In 1540 , the old king married the young Catherine Howard. Their marriage did not last. It was further alleged that he had a prior relationship with Henry Francis Dereham courtier and an affair with another courtier Thomas Culpeper . Catherine was executed for adultery and treason in 1542.
Final marriage to Catherine Parr Henry , who served as a nurse , was more harmonious and she would go on to outlive him .
Henry VIII died on January 28, 1547 and was succeeded by his son, Edward VI . He was buried next to Jane Seymour in St. George 's Chapel in Windsor Castle .
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Published: 2013-11-10T09:33:00-08:00
Henry VIII Biography
Publish Henry VIII Biography di Bio Street, updated at: 9:33 AM. URL http://abalabalnyoba.blogspot.com/2013/11/henry-viii-biography.html. Redaction Michele Brown
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